Rwanda’s New Terror List Raises Concerns Over Political Motives

KIGALI — October 15, 2025. Rwanda’s government has published its most extensive domestic terrorism sanctions list to date, naming 25 individuals accused of financing or coordinating acts of terror. The announcement, made by the National Counter Terrorism Committee (NCTC), is presented as part of a broader effort to disrupt networks behind anti-Rwanda armed groups. Yet observers and analysts are questioning the timing, process, and political undertones of the move.

An Expansive List Across Continents

The individuals listed are spread across Africa, Europe, and North America. According to the official statement, they face travel bans, asset freezes, and financial restrictions under Rwanda’s jurisdiction. However, many of those named are long-time political exiles, opposition figures, or critics of the current government. Critics argue that the designations could blur the line between legitimate political dissent and terrorism.

Below is the full list published by the NCTC:

1. Lt Gen Gaston Iyamuremye (Victor Byiringiro / Rumuri) – President of FDLR, accused of directing operations from eastern DRC.

2. Maj Gen Pacifique Ntawunguka (Omega) – FDLR armed wing commander, alleged to run illicit funding networks.

3. Col Sylvestre Sebahinzi (Zinga Zinga ZZ) – Based in Zambia, accused of coordinating FDLR finances in southern Africa.

4. Maj Alphonse Munyarugendo (Monaco Dollar) – Resident in Mozambique, alleged SADC regional coordinator for FDLR.

5. Faustin Ntirikina (Zigabe Pacifique) – French national, convicted in Rwanda for recruiting youth into FLN and planning the 2019 Kinigi attack.

6. Maj Gen Antoine Hakizimana (Jeva) – Based in Burundi, identified as CNRD–FLN’s military chief.